The Life Of Charles Dickens Essays - Charles Dickens,

The Life of Charles Dickens INTRODUCTION This report will talk about the life of a famous author, Charles Dickens. It will tell you about his early, middle, and later years of his life. It will also talk about one of his great works of literature. In conclusion, this report will show a comparison of his work to his life. EARLY LIFE Charles Dickens was born at Landport, in Portsea, on February 7, 1812. His father was a clerk in the Navy Pay-Office, and was temporarily on duty in the neighborhood when Charles was born. His name was John Dickens. He spent time in prison for debts. But, even when he was free he lacked the money to support his family. Then, when Charles was two they moved to London. 1 Just before he started to toddle, he stepped into the glare of footlights. He never stepped out of it until he died. He was a good man, as men go in the bewildering world of ours, brave, transparent, tender-hearted, and honorable. Dickens was always a little too irritable because he was a little too happy. Like the over-wrought child in society, he was splendidly sociable, and in and yet sometimes quarrelsome. In all the practical relations of his life he was what the child is at a party, genuinely delighted, delightful, affectionate and happy, and in some strange way fundamentally sad and dangerously close to tears. 2 At the age of 12 Charles worked in a London factory pasting labels on bottles of shoe polish. He held the job only for a few months, but the misery of the experience remain with him all his life. 3 Dickens attended school off and on until he was 15, and then left for good. He enjoyed reading and was especially fond of adventure stories, fairy tales, and novels. He was influenced by such earlier English writers as William Shakespeare, Tobias Smollet, and Henry Fielding. However, most of the knowledge he later used as an author came from his environment around him. 4 MIDDLE LIFE Dickens became a newspaper writer and reporter in the late 1820's. He specialized in covering debates in Parliament, and also wrote feature articles. His work as a reporter sharpened his naturally keen ear for conversation and helped develop his skill in portraying his characters speach realistically. It also increased his ability to observe and to write swiftly and clearly. Dickens' first book, Sketches by Boz (1836) consisted of articles he wrote for the Monthly Magazine and the London Evening Chronicles.5 On April 2, 1836 he married Catherine Hogarth. This was just a few days before the anoucement that on the 31st he would have his first work printed in The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. And this was the beginning of his career. 6 Then, at 24, Dickens became famous and was so until he died. He won his first literary fame with The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club. Published in monthly parts in 1836 and 1837 the book describes the humorous adventure and misadventures of the English Countryside. After a slow start, The Pickwick Papers as the book was usually called gained a popularity seldom matched in the history of literature. 7 Then in 1837, Catherine's sister Mary, died. Because of her death Dickens' suffered a lot of grief. This led some scholars to believe that Dickens loved Mary more than Catherine. Catherine was a good woman but she lacked intelligence. Dickens and Catherine had 10 children. Then later in 1858, the couple seperated. 8 LATER LIFE His later years was basically consisting of two main additions to his previous activites. The first was a series of public readings and lectures which he began giving it systematically. And second, he was a successive editor. Dickens had been many things in his life; he was a reporter , an actor, a conjurer, a poet, a lecturer, and a editor and he enjoyed all of those things. 9 Dickens had a remarkable mental and physical energy. He recorded all his activites in thousands of letter, many of which made delightful readings. He spent much of his later life with crowded social friends from arts and literature. He also went to the theater as often as he could,

Analysis of Hillel Schwartzs essays

Analysis of Hillel Schwartz's essays An Analysis of Hillel Schwartzs Historian Hillel Schwartz holds a satirical grudge against the Slender Society of American and most other mainstream cultures. In his book, Never Satisfied, an extensive study of dieting and its sphere of influences, and in particular the final chapter, Fat and Happy?, Schwartz attacks unexpected sources of obesity: the media, stereotypes, the law, physicians, and dieting itself. He hypothesizes that what goes into someones head might have more to do with their weight than what goes into their stomach. In an almost vengeful manner, Schwartz repeatedly blames individuals of all walks of life for producing the fear of being fat, including fat people themselves. He reiterates the disgusting feeling it is to be persecuted by ones own fellow citizens as being labeled clown, clodhopper, cannibal, or criminal. Blame the kindergarten teachers, the coaches, the friends and physicians who goad fat people into a maze of diets from which they may never return. (487) According to the author, its these diets that are the real danger. Unnatural, coercive diets can greatly disrupt the bodys natural equilibrium. Schwartz adds: If left alone, 99 percent of human beings will reach a plateau weight, a set point at which their metabolisms will be satisfied and their bodies healthy. It is the dieting, the anxiety, and the perpetual scrimmaging with food that lead to illness. He goes on to single out physicians as part of the problem, generalizing them as an insensitive sub-culture bent on preying upon patients fears of disease and death by prescribing them all sorts of pills that further debilitate the system, dictating diets that are subtle forms of sadism. (490) He struggles, though, to give adequate support for these somewhat obnoxious claims, with a few exceptions. Its his argument about ...

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Questions - Essay Example Figure: Ethical principles involved in stakeholder decisions Source: Freeman et al., 2007, Pp. 88 The management thus, need to ensure that their corporate social responsibilities are well charted out since such practices can have serious consequences on the brand name and credibility of the company, thus limiting its ability to create value for the stakeholders. 2. The term Corporate culture can be defined as â€Å"a set of values, beliefs, goals, norms and ways of solving problems shared by members (employees) of an organization† (Ferrell et al., 2009). It reflects the shared vision, values as well as expectations of the founder of the organization as well as that of the management. The manner in which the employees behave; the policies adopted by the management, and the decisions made reflect the corporate culture of the organization. It plays a crucial role in influencing ethical decision making, for instance, if the corporate culture of the firm vehemently supports unethic al behavior the decision making is bound to support and encourage similar practices. The persistent application of such negative / unethical practices is hence, directly associated with the corporate culture of such organizations. ... The company came under a lot of flak for its unethical practices of hiring illegal immigrants and violation of human rights (Greenhouse, 2003). The corporate culture of the company entailed provision of low priced products for its customers, the pursuit of which lead to such unethical decision making by the management. The firm hired, illegal migrants working on meager remunerations, to lower the cost and hence maximize profits. Although the core values of the company did not endorse similar views, the corporate culture however, did encourage the implementation of unethical means to achieve their desired goals. While McDonalds on the other hand, reflected a corporate culture which endorsed ethically right practices, which is reflected in its decision making. This is mainly the reason why, the organization was acknowledged as one of the World's most ethical companies during the year 2008 (McDonalds, 2008). The accolades received by the food giant, reflects its corporate culture, which encourages provision of good quality products and services, cleanliness and good values; thus ultimately resulting in better decision making on the part of the management. 3. The availability of term papers and other research materials online is a fact, and can be regarded as a direct outcome of the rapidly rising use and reach of technology. Websites offering term papers in exchange for money has become a highly lucrative commercial activity in recent times. However, such a practice cannot be termed as unethical per se, reason being, it does not in any way, violate the laws of any nation or harm the society in general and hence does not fall under the category of â€Å"unethical business practice†. According to Painter-Morland & Werhane (2008)

Textile Industry in USA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4750 words

Textile Industry in USA - Essay Example The industry comprises various, fragmented set of services that range from small, family-owned and-operated facilities that normally employ older, conventional manufacturing systems to giant integrated mills that employ the most modern machinery and manufacturing equipment. In 1996, Mexico pushed China aside as the major U.S. supplier of textiles and garments. Textiles and apparel are responsible for about 20 % of the U.S. trade loss. Recently, the loss in textile and apparel business was estimated as $52 billion. In accordance with the WTO, in 1998, the U.S. imported $69.1 billion worth of textile merchandise making it the largest importer. Exports are about $17 billion. Moreover, the Asian financial predicaments have impacted the U.S. textile industry. The American Textile Manufacturers Institute (A.T.M.I.) has resolved to firmly dispute against the new rush of Asian imports into the USA, following the depreciation of Far Eastern currencies. Apparel imports from Asia are up 12 % for 1998 to 5.9 billion square meters. In addition, Asian imports of fabrics, yarn and home fixtures have risen by 16 % to reach 6.1 billion square meters. Accordingly, U.S. fabric manufacturer Burlington declared in January 1999 that it would decrease its manufacturing facility by 25 %, as a result of bigger Asian garment imports in the U.S.A. Seven factories were shut, and 2,900 people fired i.e. 17 % of the labor force. Burlington Industries hires 17,400 persons in the U.S.A., 18,900 all over the world. It is anticipated that the U.S. textile and apparel industry's has experienced a decrease in employment from 1.5 million people in 1990 to 985,000 in 1999. Nevertheless, it is believed that as the World Trade Organization is more phased in and business impediments continue to decrease, the position for the textile industry on the global side looks assured for both exports and imports. Moreover at the same time as the economic predicament in Asia may turn up ostensibly to intimidate the textile industry with a rush of cheap goods from those nations, some crucial aspects make sure that the industry will be less at risk. The central of these aspects is the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Statistics show that the agreement has already facilitated quickens businesses between the U.S., Canada and Mexico, with imports from Canada and Mexico representing 21.1 % of all U.S. textile imports. Especially important, U.S. exports to the two nations comprise 45.6 % of all U.S. textile exports. As there has been a common drop in demand for U.S. made products, this enlarged trade among North American nations will help to reduce the shock that the crisis might otherwise have on U.S. producers. In contrast, U.S. textile importers and developing countries have blamed the U.S. government of not fulfilling global Agreement on Textiles and Apparel (ATA). A key component of the ATA requires the phase-out of quotas on textile and apparel trade. Various American importers and retailers, in addition to the developing countries that export goods to the USA, have condemned the U.S. government for continuing quotas on various imports until the end of the 10-year phaseout period, which started in 1995. On November 15, 1999, the USA and

Will be provided Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Will be provided - Essay Example The task planner is responsible in preparing a simple and accurate task that is easy to interpret. The plan should be clear and precise right from baseline. The objectives of the task should be proper and definite from the onset of the, it would be easier for the managers to note any area of the weakness. Any duty in one way or the other must have its challenges so of the project. In the baselines are clear, it would be easier to notice loopholes. Once the challenge is on board, the project manager can easily amend it to suit the diversity in the implementation environment. The baseline will always remain essential in any plan because, should there be any alterations, the entire life of the work would have hiccups. Although the plan should be elastic to accommodate the changes in the environment, a careful study is of necessity because any slight change on the plan would affect the result of the project. The changes on the course of the action of the plan may inflate of deflate the cost of performing the project, depending on the nature of

Robert Mapplethorpe Photography Analysis

Robert Mapplethorpe Photography Analysis Mapplethorpe: Art or Pornography? art: the expression of creative skill through a visual medium such as painting or sculpture. pornography: printed or visual material intended to stimulate sexual excitement. (1) The question of art versus pornography is one that has long dogged the visual Arts of all mediums. Nudes on stage, actors fornicating on screen, and artists painting, drawing, sculpting, or photographing naked subjects or explicit acts, have all been scrutinised, discussed and argued over. Some have even been taken to court. Some depictions of naked forms do not even cause a stir. Nobody protests against the Romantic images of naked men or of the paintings and sculptures by Pre-Raphaelite artists of nude mythological beings. What is it then that determines whether something is classified as art or pornography? I would postulate that it is not quite as simple as categorising a piece as one or the other, and I will discuss this during the course of this essay. We must at this point turn to the Oxford English Dictionary’s definition of pornography and the key word â€Å"intended†. The deciding factor appears to lie in the intention of the artist; if he or she intends to â€Å"stimulate sexual excitement† the result will be pornographic. Mapplethorpe has admitted that his pieces are homages to desire, and that he himself was sexually stimulated whilst photographing his male nude subjects. It would be unfair to say however, that his photographs are not expressive of â€Å"creative skill†. His images, which I will examine in greater detail later in the essay, are formally beautiful and skillfully posed and shot. Can a piece of work be both art and pornography? Mapplethorpe himself insists that he makes pornography that is art (2). If an artist’s technique is masterful, why should the fact that the piece is sexually stimulating to others prevent it from being classed as art? Why can’t a piece of art hav e multiple functions? Some view Mapplethorpe’s photography purely as pornography, believing it impossible to classify photographs of naked men and women as art. When Mapplethorpe’s retrospective exposition The Perfect Moment exhibited at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Republican Sen. Jesse Helms was the most forceful objector. So outraged was the Senator that he would carry around photographs from the exhibition to illustrate his point to journalists. One photograph he would often present was â€Å"Rosie†, showing a young girl of two or three pictured with her crotch exposed, which he argued constituted child pornography. Others have agreed with Helms. In 1996 the image was removed from a London exhibition on the grounds that it might attract paedophiles. As many others have argued however, this view casts both Rosie and Mapplethorpe in an unfair light. As with many of his other photographs of naked individuals, what is most striking about â€Å"Rosie† is the humanity and i nnocence of this little girl; it is what is revealed about the figure that is most interesting. Nakedness is represented in the Bible as the state of innocence to which we must all return if we are to know God. In Genesis it is only when Adam and Eve fall from innocence and know evil that they realise they are naked. Saying 37 in the Gospel of Thomas alludes to the innocence of naked children: His disciples say to him: On what day wilt thou appear to us, and what day shall we see thee? Jesus says: When you strip yourselves without being ashamed, when you take off your clothes and lay them at your feet like little children and trample on them! Then [you will become] children of Him who is living, and you will have no more fear. (3) â€Å"Rosie† is only seen in a sexual context by those with the predisposition to see it in that way, whether they be paedophiles or hard-line moralists (4). Rosie herself, aged 23 at the time of the London exhibition, protested that the photograph was beautiful and innocent and not at all indecent (5). She had even hung a copy on the wall of the restaurant she managed. Mapplethorpe’s most explicit photographs are seen as obscene by many who are not moralists or particularly religious. His X Portfolio contains graphic pictures of homosexual sexual acts and bondage, such as ‘Helmut and Brooks’, which depicts one man’s arm inserted up to the elbow in another man’s anus. ‘Man in Polyester Suit’, another of the photographs often produced by Helms to show journalists, depicts a black man’s semi-erect penis protruding from his flies. It is an odd image, the picture having been cut from just above the man’s knees to his chest, directing the gaze to the penis. Is this pornography? Against the cheap suit, Celant asserts, the penis becomes an object of beauty, like an emergent flower, beginning to bloom with desire. It is erotic, certainly, but is it obscene? Many certainly view ‘Helmut and Brooks’ as obscene and, accordingly, not art. In 1987 Dennis Barry, Director of the Cincinnati Museum of Art, was put on trial for exhibiting The Perfect Moment. In court his Defense asserted that the aesthetics of Mapplethorpe’s work made his photographs art and not obscenity. In Janet Kardon’s essay, written as a guide and an introduction to the exhibition, form is emphasised as the focus rather than the content or context. Even when faced with explaining the photographs depicting homoerotic sexual acts Kardon extols the virtues of Mapplethorpe’s camera technique, almost ignoring the sexual content altogether: There is a drama in each photograph; edges are used as the perimeters of a proscenium,  with subjects strategically sited within those boundaries and caught at a moment of  absolute stasis. Most sitters are portrayed frontally, aligned with the camera lens, in  direct eye contact with the photographer and, in turn, the viewer. Nudes generally  assume classical poses†¦ although his models often are depicted in uncommon sexual  acts, the inhabitants of the photographs assume gestures governed by geometry, and they  are shown against minimal backgrounds (6) Returning to ‘Man in a Polyester Suit’, Kardon refers to the image as â€Å"outrageous† but only because the shot has been set up to appear as a clothes advertisement, making the juxtaposition of the penis â€Å"unsettling† (7). As Kidd writes, it is interesting that Kardon uses the term â€Å"outrageous† rather than ‘obscene’, and that it is not the act of photographing a penis that is â€Å"outrageous† but the actual penis itself, being rather large (8). The reason for this being, Kidd continues, that the term ‘obscenity’, has sociological and legal implications. In terms of the sociological implications, the obscene is a subversion of what is sacred, and is also separate from daily life – it is perceived as taboo, especially by religious organisations. Its legal implications are what led Dennis Barry to victory in his court case. Congress defines the ‘obscene’ as: 1. the average person, applying contemporary community standards, would find that such project, production, workshop, or program, when taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest; 2. such project, production, workshop, or program, depicts or describes sexual conduct in a patently offensive way; and 3. such project, production, workshop, or program, when taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. (9) The defense successfully argued that Mapplethorpe’s work had artistic value – it is formally beautiful and striking, and the composition is masterful. His photographs could certainly be argued to fall under the first two definitions but all three definitions must fit for something to be considered ‘obscene’, therefore legally Mapplethorpe’s photographs could not be labeled as such. Flageolle extolled the â€Å"exquisite tonal qualities of the platinum print and controlled studio lighting† of Mapplethorpe’s photography, which can be observed in both his ‘hard-core’ and less explicit work (10). Photographs such as ‘Ken and Robert’ and ‘Ken and Tyler’, where Mapplethorpe juxtapositions black and white models, are made even more striking by using black and white film and posing the subjects in a rigid, symmetrical stance. All of Mapplethorpe’s photography is extremely precise, which actually adds to the eroticism of the images. In pornography models tend to assume very overt poses, leaning into the camera and pushing their assets towards the lens, and by extension towards the viewers. Much of Mapplethorpe’s work however, is more restrained in that regard. Subjects may perform explicit sexual acts, urinating in other man’s mouth for example, but it often seems to be personal, intimate. In â₠¬ËœJim and Tom, Sausalito’ the two men are almost unaware of the camera, a feeling heightened by the placement of them in the shadows. Mapplethorpe’s figures can sometimes feel almost cold, and distant, looking past the camera at something we cannot see. However, as Samaras has contended, pieces of art cannot merely be considered for their formal qualities, as that â€Å"relegates art primarily to the role of timeless visual entertainment not historicised cultural elucidation† (11). Mapplethorpe’s photographs showed the public another world. The homosexual and SM communities were brought to the attention of thousands of people. Mapplethorpe wanted to capture new images. His intentions were not to shock; â€Å"I don’t like that particular word ‘shocking’. I’m looking for things I’ve never seen before† (12), he told ARTnews in 1988. In photographing those â€Å"things† he also showed a multitude of people things they had never seen before. â€Å"The point of making art is to educate people† Mapplethorpe once asserted (13). He wanted to force the public into awareness of gay issues. If Mapplethorpe’s primary intention is not to sexually stimulate viewers of his work, does that mean it cannot be pornography? Yet Mapplethorpe certainly wanted to capture the latent sexuality of every living thing in his photography. Even flowers become objects of desire and sexuality. His photographs of flowers are almost more erotic than his nudes. There is a raw sexuality in the way in which he photographs them; the calla lilly’s stamen takes on a phallic shape, the stems of two poppies writhe around each other. Unlike much of his other work, he often uses colour film to photograph his flowers, capturing their vibrant colours, bursting with sexuality. Mapplethorpe sees no need to photograph his flowers any differently than his nudes; â€Å"My approach to photographing a flower is not much different than photographing a cock. Basically it’s the same thing† (14). His black and white photographs of single, naked black men seem to be more a study of the perfect form than pornography. The visually striking image of ‘Thomas’ recalls ‘Vitruvian Man’, Da Vinci’s mathematically and architecturally calculated drawing of the perfect human physique. With his arms stretched out to the perimeters of the circular barrier he stands in, his muscles rippling, skin gleaming, Thomas presents a striking and beautiful image of man. An untitled photograph taken in 1981 shows, apart from his penis, the rippling quadriceps of an extremely fit man. It is his gleaming thighs, reflecting the light and producing shadows, which draw one’s attention in this photograph, rather than the penis, which is shrouded in darkness. Mapplethorpe’s earlier work juxtaposed pornographic acts and images with classic poses and studio lighting, resulting in the disruption of both the pornographic and the classical and creating an uneasy mix. His later photographs of beautiful, gleaming male bodies are almost totally preoccupied with aesthetic beauty, with Mapplethorpe controlling the rigid poses. There is certainly a pornographic dimension to Mapplethorpe’s work but it is not traditional pornography. In many of the photographs, the subjects’ faces cannot be seen. Penises hang alone, boobs are held almost begrudgingly, the subjects uninterested. Nor does the pornographic define Mapplethorpe’s work. It is also a study of aesthetic beauty, educational, and a presentation of exquisite formal technique. Mapplethorpe’s work could be described as pornographic art; a combination of explicit sexuality and a formal exquisiteness. Endnotes 1 Soanes, Catherine, ed. Oxford Compact English Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press.  2000. 2 Cited in Levinson, Deborah A. ‘Robert Mapplethorpe’s Extraordinary Vision: A review of The   Perfect Moment’. Aug 6 1989. www.tech.mit.edu 3 Cited on www.gospelthomas.com 4 Tozer, John. ‘In the Eye of the Beholder’. Variant, issue 6. www.variant.org.uk 5 Cited in Gerry, Lyn. ‘Cut! At the Edinburgh Festival’. 1997. www.ainfos.ca 6 Kardon, J, Mapplethorpe, R. The Perfect Moment. Philadelphia Institute of Contemporary Art.  1988. ps. 9-10 7 Kardon, J, Mapplethorpe, R. The Perfect Moment. Philadelphia Institute of Contemporary Art.  1988. p. 11 8 Kidd, Dustin. ‘Mapplethorpe and the New Obscenity’. Afterimage. March-April 2003. 9 Public Law 101-151, November 5, 1990. Reprinted in Richard Bolton, ed., Culture Wars:   Documents from the Recent Controversies in the Arts. New York: New Press. 1992. p. 286. 10 Flageolle, Andree. ‘Mapplethorpe and Baudelaire’. History of Photography. Winter 1995. 11 Samaras, Connie. ‘Feminism, Photography, Censorship, and Sexually Transgressive Imagery:  The Work of Robert Mapplethorpe, Joel-Peter Witkin, Jacqueline Livingston, Sally Mann, and  Catherine Opie’. New York Law School Review. Vol. XXXVIII Nos 1-4. 1993. 12 Cited on www.mapplethorpe.org/biography 13 Cited by McDonald, Robert on www.queerculturalcentre.org 14 Cited by Celant, Germano. ‘Robert Mapplethorpe: Man in a Polyester Suit’ ArtForum.  September 1993. Bibliography Bolton, Richard, ed. Culture Wars: Documents from the Recent Controversies in the Arts. New  York: New Press. 1992. Kardon, J, Mapplethorpe, R. The Perfect Moment. Philadelphia Institute of Contemporary Art.  1988. Soanes, Catherine, ed. Oxford Compact English Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press.  2000. Afterimage. March-April 2003 ArtForum. September 1993. History of Photography. Winter 1995. New York Law School Review. Vol. XXXVIII Nos 1-4. 1993 www.ainfos.ca www.gospelthomas.com www.mapplethorpe.org/biography www.queerculturalcentre.org www.tech.mit.edu www.variant.org.uk FREE Pocket Business English, ACT NOW!

Getting Back into the Game :: Personal Narrative Essays

Getting Back into the Game I have always been involved in sports in some way or another. I was team captain in every sport imaginable in elementary school. Junior high I continued to be involved in sports, but it wasn't until high school started that I really got into it. I played soccer, softball and basketball at Rogers High School. I particularly loved soccer. Just playing it gave me a rush I had never felt before. Also knowing that this sport took a lot of hard work and dedication gave me a sense of satisfaction, because I knew that I put everything I had into it. Putting a lot of dedication and hard work into something may prove to be useful in the future. When I had my baby, being involved in sports at all seemed impossible. Then one day, my friend Cory from work was telling me that her daughter wanted to play soccer. She then said that she was going to coach because no one else had volunteered in her area. The only problem was that she didn't know the first thing about soccer. That gave me an idea. I played soccer in high school, so I thought I could help her, so I did. My friend Cory and I went down to Spokane Youth Sports Association and volunteered to become soccer coaches. I couldn't believe that I was actually getting to do this. I thought it was going to be great. I had not played soccer in a while, so I was nervous when I first started coaching. I never knew how hard it would be to dedicate yourself and your time to something without getting compensated for it. It was especially hard when the kids were more often than not pretty hard to deal with. I was coaching a team of nine-year-old girls. Some of those girls seemed to want to be there, and others not. That made it very difficult to get all of their attention at once. Sometimes it was so bad I felt that I was wasting my time. But I stuck it out in hopes that they would come around, after all they were only nine. As time went on the girls started to come around and started listening and enjoying the

An Analysis of “1984” by Orson Welles Essay

Back during the time of World War II, paranoia swept across the globe. Hitler, brainwashing thousands of people into fighting for him, nearly defeated all who opposed him. Had he succeeded in his mission, a fascist government system would have formed, greatly inhibiting the rights and privileges of the general populace. George Orwell wrote 1984 to demonstrate the horror this system would bring. Using setting, characters, and conflict, Orwell uses this book to portray the theme of raw, unrefined humanity, and its ability to rise above a corrupt and confining evil of an enemy. Orwell distorts the idea of Utopia, an ideal society where human beings live a perfect existence, and creates a fictional setting in which life is extremely bad from oppression, deprivation of rights, and terror. Fear is used as a tool for manipulating and controlling individuals, and nearly every positive feeling is squelched. The world is divided into three political countries: Oceania, Eastasia, and Eurasia. Each of these states is ruled by a totalitarian government and is constantly warring on multiple fronts. Using the terrifying atmosphere of the archaic world, Orwell creates the illusion that Winston has nowhere to escape the oppression. Winston is forced to live within his present circumstances; able to change where he lives, yet unable to change how he lives. Oceania’s political structure contained three segments: the ruling class, the educated workers, and the working class. Orwell, being a socialist, realized that with class distinctions came class struggle. The ruling class, consisting of the wealthy and powerful, was only two percent of the population. In Hitler’s Germany, the very few people who were considered part of the ruling class had a more luxurious lifestyle that the masses, yet in this nation, as in 1984, revolt was inevitable. The conflict between Winston and O’Brien is another way Orwell shows how a society can try to brainwash a person into believing the impossible. For instance, O’Brien wants Winston to believe that two plus two is five, going  against all the laws of mathematics Winston has studied all his life. O’Brien is one of the top leaders in the Inner Party, and may even be part of a hive that creates the idea of Big Brother. When O’Brien reveals himself as a representative of the Party and all of its contradictions and cruelty, Winston discards all feelings of friendship and suddenly becomes his enemy. This action directly relates to the theme in how if humanity is confronted with evil, every ounce of effort will be used to resist. Doublethink, the ability to hold two opposing ideas in someone’s mind at the same time, is forced into Winston by O’Brien, only confusing him further. If only Winston had accepted the doctrines of the Party, his life would have been spared. Instead, Winston is murdered because of his individuality, ensuring the inability to spread his idealistic views to the public, hungry for freedom and escape from oppression. Winston Churchill was the exalted leader of England during World War II. One must consider why Orwell gives the name â€Å"Winston Smith† to his main character. The name Winston stands for the individuality, uniqueness, and greatness of the character, while Smith stands for the regularity of such a person. In the failing governmental system in 1984, even the greatest person can be shoved aside and told to work in a menial job, negating all hope of ever reaching his full potential. Because Winston is so common, so real, it is easy to identify with him and to imagine being in his shoes. Winston embodies the values of a civilized society: peace, freedom, democracy, love, and decency. When Winston is killed, these things are destroyed with him. He represents the struggle between good and evil, and there is no mistaking where the lines are drawn. A Totalitarian government does not permit these characteristics in their citizens, therefore insisting upon Winston’s death. George Orwell wrote about 1984 in 1948, and the ideals he introduced can still be applied in the present. Although Winston dies at the end, Orwell is trying to show the stubbornness of human nature. We cannot forget that above all, individuality must be expressed, or the common man will have no reason, or desire, to live.

Star Trek Beyond Whats Inside

Star Trek Beyond Whats Inside Beyond All Expectations: Star Trek is back! There are 3 types of people: the oneswho like Star Wars, the ones who enjoy Star Trek and the ones who are into both these epic movie pieces. Lets talk about Star Trek, as The Star Trek: Beyond hit the cinemas all around the world a few days ago. The fans have been anticipating this day for long three years, since the previous ST film has been released. And now Captain Kirk, Commander Spock and the rest of the crew are back! If you are really digging ST, prepare to die during the first 30 mins of the movie! They will crash Enterprise. Again. And it is epic!!! While being in progress of completing its 5 year mission, starship Enterprise has been attacked by the alien warrior race. The starship is destructed and has to land on the distant planet Altamid, where the base of aliens is located. Will the crew make it through this tough time? (Spoiler alert: they sure will! :)) After all these blockbusters that Hollywood fed us with during past months, Beyond is like a breath of fresh air. Its not a remake or reload, not a super-pathetic self-called Number_One_film_of_the_year. Its just a new exciting adventure of space explorers,who fight for the happy future of the Universe. First of all, its worth saying that scattering crew members apart was a great idea. Though Captain Kirk is still the main figure, each member of the crew gets the possibility to shine and show themselves, acting as individuals, not as parts of one coordinated organism, instead of what they usually are when being on board of Enterprise. Commander Spock, the most famous Vulcan of all times, experiences earthy troubles understanding how relationships should work. And we also find out, that Spock is magnificent in making presents. (Ok, no more spoilers, I promise!))The main antagonist in Star Trek: Beyond is Krall, or Captain Balthazar Edison (Balthazar wait, where could I have heard this name? Id say at least 3 other TV series). During the film he evolves in our eyes from vicious warlord, who attacks Enterprise, to complex character, who is guided by revenge and hatred for the new peaceful lifestyle of Federation. We could be positive about the fact that there will be a stand-off between Kirk and Krall at the end of the movie. And the good will prevail the evil (oops, there goes another spoiler!)) As usually, there theres someone who helps the crew to defeat evil. And here comes Jaylah, the scavenger, who is not native to Kralls planet. She lives in the wrecked starship, knows how to make traps and she sure knows how to fight! Jaylah somehow reminds me of Rey from Star Wars: The Force Awakens. These two share much in common, beside the obvious fact that they both are strong female characters. At the beginning of the film both Kirk and Spock feel uncertain about staying a part of the Enterprise crew. But (lucky us!) overcoming difficulties force them to rethink their resignation. So, we may be pretty sure that sooner or later we are going to witness the Enterprise crews new exciting adventures at the final frontier.

Social and Economic Significance of Tourism Development Essay Example

Social and Economic Significance of Tourism Development Essay Example Social and Economic Significance of Tourism Development Essay Social and Economic Significance of Tourism Development Essay The social and economic significance of tourism development on a global scale After studying and understanding how deeply tourism development has significantly impacted on the world, I have noticed how closely that the social and economic factors are related, and how both of these aspects have direct effect on both tourists, and the people that permanently reside at destinations that have been extremely popular amongst tourists.The understanding of how economic and social factors interrelate is rather simple; the bigger the country’s economy, the more infrastructure and investment that is required for human development, can be produced for both tourists and the permanent residents, therefore if the tourism industry is proven to provide a country’s economy substantially, the government will welcome tourism development with open arms. The real question that remains is whether this is equally beneficial for all people who are affected by tourism development (economic and social) or whether a country is purely ignoring tourism’s effects socially, to thrive economically.This I believe does not leave a country happy with tourism development. I shall now state in my report how prevalent these impacts are, and if they are either having positive or negative impacts on a country which is heavily effected by tourism development. In my report I would also like to thoroughly explain how the changes over time and temporal patterns have a large significance on tourism development, and outline that that due to the changes over time, social and economic impacts is now faced on a day to day basis by countries that are heavily impacted by tourism, via its rapid development.One of the most obvious economic significance is how quickly the tourism sector has grown globally, and the projected figures from UNWTO which sees the w orld’s economy to be more widely affected by tourism development globally. Today, we see 235 million jobs worldwide available in the tourism industry, 5% of direct global GDP was tourism provided. Statistics also shows that international tourist arrivals grew by nearly 4% in 2011 to 983 million, which concluded that international tourism generated (in 2011) US$103 billion dollars from tourists.As huge as these statistics already are, UNWTO forecasts a growth in international tourists arrivals of between 3% 4% in 2012, and there to be 1. 8 billion international tourists by 2030. The economic significance of tourism is massive, and proves only to grow at a rapid pace. One of the biggest reasons why we have seen this huge increase in tourism development, and why we shall continue to see a rapid growth all comes down to the accessibility one has of an area, and the knowledge one has of an area.Both of these factors can be described to be governed by technology, which makes it un derstandable to why we have seen such a huge increase in tourism development in the 21st century in areas all over the globe, in comparison to the development that was present in the 20th century (refer to graph one). Tourism development has globally become both popular and possible in all areas rather than just those that have been branded to be tourist’s destinations (Europe, the Americas). Now, I shall explain how this temporal pattern has been allowed to grow so rapidly.To begin with, I would like to discuss the history of tourism development, and what had begun to stimulate this world-wide phenomenon. Accessibility, I believe, a word all of us geographers are more than familiar with is what I would pinpoint as the main stimulation for tourism in every corner of the globe. Over the past 60 years, the world has seen a vast advancement in technology. The world has seen aircrafts been manufactured to be bigger and quick, thus, the birth of long haul flights around the globe. Post war, (1945 +) we internationally saw the use of aeroplanes become more common opposed to ship voyages.This factor also relied heavily on the fact that the world’s economic trade flourished after the war, seeing people choosing to indulge in holidays for rest and relaxation as money began to become surplus, especially after the baby boom era (1949-1960). The baby boom era could be solely due to the end of the war and the improving economy, which saw European citizens flock to costal Europe, and warm climate areas such as Spain and Portugal. However, after 1970, we are able to see (refer to graph 1) a slower incline in tourism in Europe, and a steady growth in tourism in other continents such as Asia/Pacific, Africa, and the Middle East.I believe the reason for the growth in tourism in these continents majorly due to the easier accessibility to countries which are located further away from major centres such as the Americas and Europe. I can understand that it has become possible to travel to exotic, distant countries and continents due to long haul flights via the advancement of technology in aircrafts. Also, European tourist destinations like Italy, Spain and Portugal noticed the increase of tourists flocking to their cities and beaches and decided to ake advantage of this economic opportunity and built tourist attractions to promote their countries for tourism, and understood that they could rely heavily on tourism as an income provider for their countries economy, therefore felt comfortable enough to raise prices in the tourism industry as they were now more than reassured people will splash out on tourist type attractions. Here, I am able to notice a rather direct link between accessibility of a country/continent and the economic significance accessibility has in an area.However, these tourist destinations in Europe began to become costly due to the demand of infrastructure to be built to satisfy tourist numbers. This is another factor why we h ave been able to see a growth in tourism in other continents such as Asia, Africa and Australasia, as these continents were not internationally renowned as popular tourist destinations – and were cheaper than branded tourists destinations to holiday in- (in comparison to Europe and the Americas), until the 1980’s where accessibility to these continents became easier (due to long haul flights).Along with people’s ability of financially being able to travel to these vast regions, motivation also to discover foreign regions which they had no prior knowledge on came from use of the internet. The birth of the internet during the 1990’s progressively aided people’s knowledge and contact with regions that were not officially branded tourists destinations yet.The internet is also a form of accessibility mentally, as people were able to read about places across the globe and crunch numbers, such as travel time and expense of the trip that they formally woul d not have been able to do without the aid of the internet. Here, I can see a relationship between the economy and accessibility, in regards to the fact that people have become more willing to spend money on holidays due to the improved economy over the past 60 years, and also the economy of the country vastly improves too when tourists decide to holiday and spend money just too merely visit a country.I can put both of these aspects down under the understanding that accessibility has made this both easier for tourists and countries, therefore my analyses shall state that accessibility has had a positive impact on the economy side of tourism industry for a country over the past 60 years on a global scale. In simpler words, I would like to make very clear that provided and improved accessibility leads to growth and popularity of an area. Referring to graph 1, and incorporating the concept f accessibility, I can understand that Europe and the Americas are places that are never going to be neglected by tourists due to the physical geography of these places. Most countries in both of these continents lie extremely close together which makes accessibility easy and inexpensive for tourists. As both of these continents have extremely wealthy economies (example having London and New York in these continents), they could be described as not needing tourism as a source of finance to their countries’ economy such as other continents such as Asia and Africa that are home to many third world countries.Now, I shall discuss, in-depth, how a developing country copes with the pressure of tourism development, and how the development is affecting the country’s economy both positively and negatively. Bali is a small country in the Asia/Pacific region which has experienced tourism development quickly become extremely popular in a small amount of time. The first hotel was established in 1930, in Kuta, an area which today is one of the most popular tourist’s dest inations in Bali.The only other facilities and infrastructure in these early days (1920’s-1941) were the government houses which were not extremely appealing to tourists. However, over the next 20 years (1945-1961), Bali’s economy struggled due to WW2 and the civil war, which forced regulators to look for other options of income. During this period, President Sukano used Bali as a showplace to guests, which slowly, but surely, stimulated and attracted tourists to Bali, improving the Balinese economy.This was seen as extremely positive by the government, who decided to take an increased interest in the tourism sector as a main source of income for Bali’s economy. During 1967-1988, the Suharto regime went underway, to massively develop Bali for the sake of brining more and more money into Bali via the tourists. The perception which was held was that if Bali had developed infrastructure, tourists would be more attracted to Bali as a place to holiday – and fo r cheap as Bali was still a developing country during this era.

Toxicological Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Toxicological - Research Paper Example Some aromatic amines are under utilization as carcinogens in industries. Research was conducted to find what industries emitted these aromatic amines and to what extent these were damaging to the environment and the people around. It was an observation that the plastic, chemical, and dye industries emitted these in high amounts. Bladder tumors are a common side effect of these aromatic amines and the people who encounter these harmful gases often suffer from these diseases. â€Å"Auramine, naphthylamine, benzidine, and aminodiphenyl† (Walpole, 1959) were common aromatic amines that were believed to be one of the main chemicals causing bladders problems amongst workers working in these industries. Other effects of these amines include â€Å"drowsiness, headaches and dizziness that eventually lead to the person experiencing lack of coordination, muscular pain, contractions, a state of confusion, etc† (Books, 2010). These harmful gases may also cause certain respiratory pr oblems and liver diseases. Various laboratory tests and field researches were conducted to identify the exact side effects. Tests on animals were also conducted to find out the toxic effects of aromatic amines (Walpole, 1959). References Books. (2010). Aromatic Amines. General Books LLC. Walpole, A. L.

Creation stories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Creation stories - Essay Example He, therefore, separated light from the darkness naming the former day and the latter night. On the second day, God established the firmament through command and it became. He made it separate the waters from the waters and called the firmament Heaven (Giberson, 2012). On the same day, he collected the waters under the heaven into one place thereby creating the dry land and calling it earth, and the gathered waters as the sea. Moreover, God brought into existence the grass, trees, and other plant forms. In the third day, God created the sun, the moon, and stars to bring light on earth in the day and at night respectively. On the fourth day, God created water creatures such as whales, fish, and air creatures such as fowls. On the fifth day, God established every living creature on earth except human beings. These included cattle, creeping creatures, and beasts of the earth among others. Being pleased with his work, he blessed the creatures and made them multiply to fill the earth (Giberson, 2012). God completed his creation work on the sixth day by creating man in his own image. Therefore, God created man both male and female and thereafter blessed them and told them to multiply and feel the earth. Moreover, man was given power to rule and manage all creatures and use some of them as food (Giberson, 2012). On the seventh day, God rested on completing his creation work. Therefore, he blessed and sanctified the day since it was his day of rest from all the activities of creation. In the second part of creation, Genesis 2:4- 24, God who is referred by personal name as Yahweh, creates the first man in his image by using dust, breathes life into him thereafter becoming a living being (Giberson, 2012). God names his Adam and places him in the Garden of Eden to manage it. Thus, it is the man that God performs the life-giving act and not his earlier creations. Moreover, the man gives name to animals and even to Eve, whom he calls a woman since she comes from one